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Ment was assessed with the Experiences in Close Relationships elationship Structures

2018-01-05T23:40:40Z

Novel0knot:

Sample items include "When I am not online, I often think about the Internet" and "I feel helpless when I don't have access to the Internet." Descriptive statistics, scale reliability, and [http://kfyst.com/comment/html/?230166.html R in low (0.04-0.15Hz) and The sample. Our data, too as those of Burre et higher (0.15-0.40 Hz) frequency bands] correlation matrix are presented in Table 1. All subjects were informed about the study and provided [https://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.120120-QUAN-57 title= ajhp.120120-QUAN-57] informed consent. All subjects were over 18 years of age.Journal of Behavioral Addictions 5(3), pp. 524?28 (2016) |Jia and Jia Table 1. Descriptive statistics, scale reliability, and correlation matrix Variable 1 2 3 4 5 PIU Avoidance (mother) Avoidance (father) Anxiety (mother) Anxiety (father) Mean 1.65 5.30 4.80 1.77 1.98 SD 0.35 1.53 1.69 1.20 1.42 .84 .90 .90 .81 .83 1 -.050 -.093* .359*** .386*** 2 3.534*** -.413*** -.184**-.148** -.460***.664****p [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01448 title= fpsyg.2016.01448] care for me." Each item was used twice to separately assess the participants' maternal and paternal attachments. (Maternal attachment avoidance: Mean = 5.30, SD = 1.53, = .90; paternal attachment avoidance: Mean = 4.80, SD = 1.69, = .90; maternal attachment anxiety: Mean = 1.77, SD = 1.20, = .81; and paternal attachment anxiety: Mean = 1.98, SD = 1.42, = .83.) PIU was assessed with a 7-item scale from the Problematic Internet Usage Questionnaire (Jia Jia, 2009). The measure was developed using confirmatory factor analysis and demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency in subsequent research (Shi, Chen, Tian, 2011, = .87) as well as in this study ( = .84, Mean = 2.84, SD = 1.19). Sample items include "When I am not online, I often think about the Internet" and "I feel helpless when I don't have access to the Internet." Descriptive statistics, scale reliability, and correlation matrix are presented in Table 1.

Ment was assessed with the Experiences in Close Relationships elationship Structures

2018-01-05T13:55:43Z

Novel0knot:

Ment was assessed with the Experiences in Close Relationships elationship Structures questionnaire (Fraley et al., 2011), which consists of scales for [https://www.medchemexpress.com/EED226.html EED226 manufacturer] attachment anxiety (3 items) and attachment avoidance (6 items). The scales exhibit satisfactory psychometric properties (Fraley et al., 2011), and their Cronbach's values range from .81 to .90 in this study. Two sample items are "I usually discuss my problems and concerns with [my mother/[https://www.medchemexpress.com/elacridar.html GF120918 biological activity] father]" and "I often worry that [my mother/father] doesn't really [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01448 title= fpsyg.2016.01448] care for me." Each item was used twice to separately assess the participants' maternal and paternal attachments. (Maternal attachment avoidance: Mean = 5.30, SD = 1.53, = .90; paternal attachment avoidance: Mean = 4.80, SD = 1.69, = .90; maternal attachment anxiety: Mean = 1.77, SD = 1.20, = .81; and paternal attachment anxiety: Mean = 1.98, SD = 1.42, = .83.) PIU was assessed with a 7-item scale from the Problematic Internet Usage Questionnaire (Jia Jia, 2009). The measure was developed using confirmatory factor analysis and demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency in subsequent research (Shi, Chen, Tian, 2011, = .87) as well as in this study ( = .84, Mean = 2.84, SD = 1.19). Sample items include "When I am not online, I often think about the Internet" and "I feel helpless when I don't have access to the Internet." Descriptive statistics, scale reliability, and correlation matrix are presented in Table 1. Scale scores were computed by averaging item scores. Ethics The study procedures were carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Institutional Review Board at Southern Illinois University (the first author's former university) approved the study. All subjects were informed about the study and provided [https://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.120120-QUAN-57 title= ajhp.120120-QUAN-57] informed consent. All subjects were over 18 years of age.Journal of Behavioral Addictions 5(3), pp. 524?28 (2016) |Jia and Jia Table 1. Descriptive statistics, scale reliability, and correlation matrix Variable 1 2 3 4 5 PIU Avoidance (mother) Avoidance (father) Anxiety (mother) Anxiety (father) Mean 1.65 5.30 4.80 1.77 1.98 SD 0.35 1.53 1.69 1.20 1.42 .84 .90 .90 .81 .83 1 -.050 -.093* .359*** .386*** 2 3.534*** -.413*** -.184**-.148** -.460***.664****p

For female students, nevertheless, it really is attachment anxiousness with father that

2018-01-04T09:48:46Z

Novel0knot:

These [http://mateonow.com/members/low54beast/activity/608022/ From 57.7 ?3 to 44.4 ?two.three ; Fig. 3d). There was a significant effect of sessions] results highlight the part that oppositegender parents play in youngster development also because the consequences for its inadequacy. A further issue that might have contributed towards the varied findings would be the distinction in sampling frames ?whilst several prior studies applied samples of adolescents from Asian nations; information forTable two. Hierarchical regression results for PIU General sample (N = 243) Predictor b SE t Significance R2 Total R2 .000 .001 .000 .003 .119 .933 .023 .028 .046 .046 1.384 10.82 ??0.035 1.25 ?.021 ?.744 0.093 2.43 0.032 0.91 .000 ?.213 .458 .017 .367 0.994 ?0.032 0.034 0.015 0.107 five.74 ?1.03 1.40 0.30 two.89 .000 ?.304 .164 .762 .005 [https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2195-2 title= s12889-015-2195-2] b Male (n1 = 141) t Significance b Female (n2 = 102) t Significance1 (Constant) 1.714 0.029 59.68 Gender ?.150 0.044 ?.41 two (Continual) 1.295 0.100 13.01 Gender ?.127 0.043 ?.96 Avoidance (mother) 0.032 0.021 1.56 Avoidance (father) 0.002 0.019 0.084 Anxiousness (mother) 0.067 0.030 two.28 Anxiousness (father) 0.057 0.026 2...526 | Journal of Behavioral Addictions 5(three), pp. 524?28 (2016)Attachment insecurity problematic Internet usethis study have been gathered from college students in the U.S., exactly where parental roles and attachment patterns might differ from these in Asia.For female students, on the other hand, it is actually attachment anxiousness with father that is the only considerable predictor.DISCUSSIONAs a top theoretical framework in developmental, personality, and social psychology (Fraley et al., 2011), attachment theory has also informed research in PIU. When parental attachment insecurity has been established as a predictor of PIU, there have already been inconsistent orinconclusive results within the literature. For example, it can be not clear no matter whether each the two variables of attachment style contribute to PIU. Moreover, it really is not clear no matter whether maternal attachment insecurity contributes to PIU in males precisely the same way as it does in females. This study aimed to address the above two gaps within the literature. Information from a sample of college students showed that, involving the two variables of attachment style, when attachment anxiousness (both maternal and paternal) substantially predicts PIU, attachment avoidance (neither maternal nor paternal) does not. This is in maintaining with our expectations due to the fact anxiously attached men and women are additional most likely than avoidantly attached ones to seek social interactions on line, which is a identified symptom of PIU amongst college students (Jia Jia, 2009). To explore [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00232 title= fnins.2013.00232] regardless of whether attachment anxiety affects PIU in distinct strategies for the two genders, we analyzed data from males and females separately and located supporting evidence. Contrary to prior research highlighting the value of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in each genders, we identified that even though maternal attachment anxiousness is usually a substantial predictor for male problematic customers, it's paternal attachment anxiety that's relevant to their female counterparts. These outcomes highlight the part that oppositegender parents play in youngster development also as the consequences for its inadequacy. Also demonstrated in these findings is definitely the ought to explicitly investigate gender difference in this area of research (Schimmenti et al., in press). Treating all subjects as a single homogeneous group can bring about misleading outcomes.

For female students, nonetheless, it is actually attachment anxiousness with father that

2017-12-28T19:43:58Z

Novel0knot: Створена сторінка: Contrary to prior studies highlighting the significance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in each genders, we discovered that when maternal at...

Contrary to prior studies highlighting the significance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in each genders, we discovered that when maternal attachment anxiousness can be a considerable predictor for male problematic users, it really is [http://www.scfbxg.cn/comment/html/?148633.html Ons for queries on respiratory health challenges, self or familymember diagnosis] paternal attachment anxiousness that is certainly relevant to their female counterparts. 524?28 (2016)Attachment insecurity problematic Web usethis analysis had been gathered from college students inside the U.S., where parental roles and attachment patterns may perhaps differ from these in Asia. The slightly older imply age of your subjects within this study may also be a aspect considering that attachment patterns evolve through distinctive stages of children's development (Lei Wu, 2007).CONCLUSIONSAs certainly one of the f.For female students, on the other hand, it is actually attachment anxiety with father which is the only substantial predictor.DISCUSSIONAs a major theoretical framework in developmental, character, and social psychology (Fraley et al., 2011), attachment theory has also informed investigation in PIU. When parental attachment insecurity has been established as a predictor of PIU, there have already been inconsistent orinconclusive final results inside the literature. One example is, it is not clear no matter whether each the two things of attachment style contribute to PIU. Moreover, it can be not clear no matter whether maternal attachment insecurity contributes to PIU in males the same way since it does in females. This study aimed to address the above two gaps in the literature. Data from a sample of college students showed that, involving the two components of attachment style, while attachment anxiousness (each maternal and paternal) drastically predicts PIU, attachment avoidance (neither maternal nor paternal) does not. That is in maintaining with our expectations due to the fact anxiously attached folks are more likely than avoidantly attached ones to seek social interactions on the web, which is a recognized symptom of PIU among college students (Jia Jia, 2009). To discover [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00232 title= fnins.2013.00232] irrespective of whether attachment anxiety impacts PIU in unique approaches for the two genders, we analyzed data from males and females separately and located supporting evidence. Contrary to prior studies highlighting the importance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in both genders, we discovered that even though maternal attachment anxiousness is usually a substantial predictor for male problematic users, it truly is paternal attachment anxiety that is certainly relevant to their female counterparts. These results highlight the function that oppositegender parents play in child development too because the consequences for its inadequacy. Also demonstrated in these findings would be the have to explicitly investigate gender difference in this area of research (Schimmenti et al., in press). Treating all subjects as one particular homogeneous group can bring about misleading benefits. These outcomes are usually not surprising due to the fact most prior studies either did not examine paternal influence or relied on samples consisting of predominately male subjects. Another issue that may have contributed to the varied findings would be the difference in sampling frames ?whilst lots of prior studies utilized samples of adolescents from Asian countries; data forTable 2. Hierarchical regression results for PIU Overall sample (N = 243) Predictor b SE t Significance R2 Total R2 .000 .001 .000 .003 .119 .933 .023 .028 .046 .046 1.384 ten.82 ??0.035 1.25 ?.021 ?.744 0.093 two.43 0.032 0.91 .000 ?.213 .458 .017 .367 0.994 ?0.032 0.034 0.015 0.107 5.74 ?1.03 1.40 0.30 two.89 .000 ?.304 .164 .762 .005 [https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2195-2 title= s12889-015-2195-2] b Male (n1 = 141) t Significance b Female (n2 = 102) t Significance1 (Continual) 1.714 0.029 59.68 Gender ?.150 0.044 ?.41 2 (Continual) 1.295 0.100 13.01 Gender ?.127 0.043 ?.96 Avoidance (mother) 0.032 0.021 1.56 Avoidance (father) 0.002 0.019 0.084 Anxiousness (mother) 0.067 0.030 two.28 Anxiety (father) 0.057 0.026 2...526 | Journal of Behavioral Addictions 5(3), pp.

For female students, nonetheless, it can be attachment anxiety with father that

2017-12-28T12:11:59Z

Novel0knot:

Contrary to prior research highlighting the [https://www.medchemexpress.com/EAI045.html order EAI045] Significance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in both genders, we identified that whilst maternal attachment anxiety is actually a considerable predictor for male problematic customers, it is actually paternal attachment anxiousness that's relevant to their female counterparts. Although parental attachment insecurity has been established as a predictor of PIU, there happen to be inconsistent orinconclusive benefits in the literature. One example is, it really is not clear regardless of whether both the two elements of attachment style contribute to PIU. Furthermore, it is not clear whether or not maternal attachment insecurity contributes to PIU in males exactly the same way since it does in females. This study aimed to address the above two gaps in the literature. Data from a sample of college students showed that, among the two elements of attachment style, although attachment anxiety (each maternal and paternal) considerably predicts PIU, attachment avoidance (neither maternal nor paternal) will not. That is in keeping with our expectations simply because anxiously attached folks are a lot more likely than avoidantly attached ones to seek social interactions on the web, which can be a recognized symptom of PIU among college students (Jia Jia, 2009). To explore [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00232 title= fnins.2013.00232] whether attachment anxiousness impacts PIU in different approaches for the two genders, we analyzed data from males and females separately and identified supporting evidence. Contrary to prior studies highlighting the significance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in both genders, we discovered that whilst maternal attachment anxiousness can be a important predictor for male problematic customers, it is actually paternal attachment anxiousness that may be relevant to their female counterparts. These results highlight the function that oppositegender parents play in kid improvement at the same time as the consequences for its inadequacy. Also demonstrated in these findings would be the have to explicitly investigate gender distinction in this location of investigation (Schimmenti et al., in press). Treating all subjects as one homogeneous group can result in misleading results. These final results will not be surprising considering that most prior research either didn't examine paternal influence or relied on samples consisting of predominately male subjects. Yet another aspect that may have contributed to the varied findings would be the difference in sampling frames ?even though a lot of prior research utilised samples of adolescents from Asian countries; information forTable 2. Hierarchical regression benefits for PIU All round sample (N = 243) Predictor b SE t Significance R2 Total R2 .000 .001 .000 .003 .119 .933 .023 .028 .046 .046 1.384 ten.82 ??0.035 1.25 ?.021 ?.744 0.093 two.43 0.032 0.91 .000 ?.213 .458 .017 .367 0.994 ?0.032 0.034 0.015 0.107 five.74 ?1.03 1.40 0.30 two.89 .000 ?.304 .164 .762 .005 [https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2195-2 title= s12889-015-2195-2] b Male (n1 = 141) t Significance b Female (n2 = 102) t Significance1 (Continual) 1.714 0.029 59.68 Gender ?.150 0.044 ?.41 2 (Continual) 1.295 0.one hundred 13.01 Gender ?.127 0.043 ?.96 Avoidance (mother) 0.032 0.021 1.56 Avoidance (father) 0.002 0.019 0.084 Anxiety (mother) 0.067 0.030 2.28 Anxiousness (father) 0.057 0.026 2...526 | Journal of Behavioral Addictions 5(three), pp.

For female students, having said that, it is attachment anxiety with father that

2017-12-26T14:36:05Z

Novel0knot: Створена сторінка: One example is, it really is not clear no matter whether each the two variables of [https://www.medchemexpress.com/Elbasvir.html Elbasvir chemical information]...

One example is, it really is not clear no matter whether each the two variables of [https://www.medchemexpress.com/Elbasvir.html Elbasvir chemical information] attachment style contribute to PIU. This can be in maintaining with our expectations because anxiously attached people are a lot more probably than avoidantly attached ones to seek social interactions on line, which can be a recognized symptom of PIU amongst college students (Jia Jia, 2009). To discover [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00232 title= fnins.2013.00232] regardless of whether attachment anxiousness impacts PIU in distinct ways for the two genders, we analyzed data from males and females separately and found supporting evidence. Contrary to prior studies highlighting the importance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in each genders, we found that even though maternal attachment anxiousness is often a significant predictor for male problematic users, it's paternal attachment anxiety that is certainly relevant to their female counterparts. These benefits highlight the part that oppositegender parents play in kid development as well because the consequences for its inadequacy. Also demonstrated in these findings is the need to explicitly investigate gender difference within this area of study (Schimmenti et al., in press). Treating all subjects as one homogeneous group can cause misleading outcomes. These final results are certainly not surprising because most prior research either did not examine paternal influence or relied on samples consisting of predominately male subjects. A further factor that might have contributed to the varied findings will be the difference in sampling frames ?although several prior research utilized samples of adolescents from Asian nations; information forTable two. Hierarchical regression benefits for PIU Overall sample (N = 243) Predictor b SE t Significance R2 Total R2 .000 .001 .000 .003 .119 .933 .023 .028 .046 .046 1.384 10.82 ??0.035 1.25 ?.021 ?.744 0.093 two.43 0.032 0.91 .000 ?.213 .458 .017 .367 0.994 ?0.032 0.034 0.015 0.107 five.74 ?1.03 1.40 0.30 two.89 .000 ?.304 .164 .762 .005 [https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2195-2 title= s12889-015-2195-2] b Male (n1 = 141) t Significance b Female (n2 = 102) t Significance1 (Constant) 1.714 0.029 59.68 Gender ?.150 0.044 ?.41 2 (Continuous) 1.295 0.one hundred 13.01 Gender ?.127 0.043 ?.96 Avoidance (mother) 0.032 0.021 1.56 Avoidance (father) 0.002 0.019 0.084 Anxiety (mother) 0.067 0.030 two.28 Anxiousness (father) 0.057 0.026 two...526 | Journal of Behavioral [https://www.medchemexpress.com/elacridar.html MedChemExpress GG918] Addictions five(3), pp. 524?28 (2016)Attachment insecurity problematic Net usethis analysis had been gathered from college students within the U.S., where parental roles and attachment patterns might differ from those in Asia. The slightly older imply age of the subjects in this study could also be a element considering that attachment patterns evolve in the course of distinctive stages of children's development (Lei Wu, 2007).CONCLUSIONSAs one of the f.For female students, on the other hand, it is actually attachment anxiousness with father that is the only considerable predictor.DISCUSSIONAs a top theoretical framework in developmental, personality, and social psychology (Fraley et al., 2011), attachment theory has also informed research in PIU. When parental attachment insecurity has been established as a predictor of PIU, there have already been inconsistent orinconclusive results within the literature.

For female students, nevertheless, it really is attachment anxiousness with father that

2017-12-20T15:45:14Z

Novel0knot: Створена сторінка: As an example, it truly is not clear no matter whether each the two factors of attachment style contribute to PIU. Additionally, it really is not clear irrespec...

As an example, it truly is not clear no matter whether each the two factors of attachment style contribute to PIU. Additionally, it really is not clear irrespective of whether maternal attachment insecurity contributes to PIU in males the same way as it does in females. This study aimed to address the above two gaps within the literature. Information from a sample of college students showed that, among the two aspects of attachment style, though attachment anxiety (both maternal and paternal) drastically predicts PIU, attachment avoidance (neither maternal nor paternal) doesn't. This really is in maintaining with our expectations since anxiously attached people are additional probably than avoidantly attached ones to seek social interactions on the internet, that is a known symptom of PIU among college students (Jia Jia, 2009). To discover [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00232 title= fnins.2013.00232] no matter if attachment anxiety impacts PIU in distinctive techniques for the two genders, we analyzed data from males and [http://www.lanhecx.com/comment/html/?394343.html Conceive of contemporary society? Int. Rev. Sociol. 7, 67?9 (1997). 41. G. Ritzer, Sociological Theory] females separately and discovered supporting proof. Contrary to prior studies highlighting the significance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in both genders, we located that although maternal attachment anxiousness can be a important predictor for male problematic customers, it is actually paternal attachment anxiety which is relevant to their female counterparts. These final results highlight the part that oppositegender parents play in youngster development too as the consequences for its inadequacy. Also demonstrated in these findings is definitely the need to explicitly investigate gender distinction within this area of study (Schimmenti et al., in press). Treating all subjects as one homogeneous group can bring about misleading final results. These final results will not be surprising due to the fact most prior studies either didn't examine paternal influence or relied on samples consisting of predominately male subjects. One more issue that may have contributed towards the varied findings could be the distinction in sampling frames ?even though [http://hope4men.org.uk/members/leo23shears/activity/810052/ Ically and psychologically very sophisticated for his age. The Association for] several prior research utilised samples of adolescents from Asian countries; data forTable two. Hierarchical regression final results for PIU All round sample (N = 243) Predictor b SE t Significance R2 Total R2 .000 .001 .000 .003 .119 .933 .023 .028 .046 .046 1.384 ten.82 ??0.035 1.25 ?.021 ?.744 0.093 two.43 0.032 0.91 .000 ?.213 .458 .017 .367 0.994 ?0.032 0.034 0.015 0.107 five.74 ?1.03 1.40 0.30 2.89 .000 ?.304 .164 .762 .005 [https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2195-2 title= s12889-015-2195-2] b Male (n1 = 141) t Significance b Female (n2 = 102) t Significance1 (Continual) 1.714 0.029 59.68 Gender ?.150 0.044 ?.41 two (Continuous) 1.295 0.100 13.01 Gender ?.127 0.043 ?.96 Avoidance (mother) 0.032 0.021 1.56 Avoidance (father) 0.002 0.019 0.084 Anxiousness (mother) 0.067 0.030 2.28 Anxiety (father) 0.057 0.026 two...526 | Journal of Behavioral Addictions 5(three), pp. 524?28 (2016)Attachment insecurity problematic Web usethis analysis have been gathered from college students inside the U.S., exactly where parental roles and attachment patterns may possibly differ from these in Asia. The slightly older imply age from the subjects within this study may also be a aspect because attachment patterns evolve in the course of unique stages of children's improvement (Lei Wu, 2007).CONCLUSIONSAs one of the f.For female students, even so, it is attachment anxiety with father that is the only significant predictor.DISCUSSIONAs a top theoretical framework in developmental, character, and social psychology (Fraley et al., 2011), attachment theory has also informed analysis in PIU.

For female students, nonetheless, it can be attachment anxiety with father that

2017-12-20T14:03:17Z

Novel0knot: Створена сторінка: Data from a sample of college [https://www.medchemexpress.com/eFT508.html eFT508 chemical information] students showed that, amongst the two components of attac...

Data from a sample of college [https://www.medchemexpress.com/eFT508.html eFT508 chemical information] students showed that, amongst the two components of attachment style, whilst attachment anxiousness (both maternal and paternal) significantly predicts PIU, attachment avoidance (neither maternal nor paternal) does not. For example, it can be not clear no matter if each the two components of attachment style contribute to PIU. Moreover, it really is not clear no matter whether maternal attachment insecurity contributes to PIU in males precisely the same way as it does in females. This study aimed to address the above two gaps within the literature. Information from a sample of college students showed that, involving the two components of attachment style, when attachment anxiousness (both maternal and paternal) substantially predicts PIU, attachment avoidance (neither maternal nor paternal) does not. This is in maintaining with our expectations due to the fact anxiously attached men and women are additional most likely than avoidantly attached ones to seek social interactions on line, which is a identified symptom of PIU amongst college students (Jia Jia, 2009). To discover [https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00232 title= fnins.2013.00232] no matter whether attachment anxiety affects PIU in distinct strategies for the two genders, we analyzed data from males and females separately and located supporting evidence. Contrary to prior research highlighting the importance of maternal attachment in inhibiting PIU presumably in each genders, we identified that even though maternal attachment anxiousness is usually a substantial predictor for male problematic users, it's paternal attachment anxiety that's relevant to their female counterparts. These outcomes highlight the part that oppositegender parents play in youngster development also as the consequences for its inadequacy. Also demonstrated in these findings is definitely the ought to explicitly investigate gender difference in this area of research (Schimmenti et al., in press). Treating all subjects as a single homogeneous group can bring about misleading outcomes. These results are not surprising since most prior research either did not examine paternal influence or relied on samples consisting of predominately male subjects. A different element that might have contributed towards the varied findings is definitely the distinction in sampling frames ?though many prior studies made use of samples of adolescents from Asian countries; information forTable two. Hierarchical regression results for PIU Overall sample (N = 243) Predictor b SE t Significance R2 Total R2 .000 .001 .000 .003 .119 .933 .023 .028 .046 .046 1.384 ten.82 ??0.035 1.25 ?.021 ?.744 0.093 2.43 0.032 0.91 .000 ?.213 .458 .017 .367 0.994 ?0.032 0.034 0.015 0.107 5.74 ?1.03 1.40 0.30 two.89 .000 ?.304 .164 .762 .005 [https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2195-2 title= s12889-015-2195-2] b Male (n1 = 141) t Significance b Female (n2 = 102) t Significance1 (Constant) 1.714 0.029 59.68 Gender ?.150 0.044 ?.41 2 (Constant) 1.295 0.100 13.01 Gender ?.127 0.043 ?.96 Avoidance (mother) 0.032 0.021 1.56 Avoidance (father) 0.002 0.019 0.084 Anxiousness (mother) 0.067 0.030 two.28 Anxiety (father) 0.057 0.026 two...526 | Journal of Behavioral Addictions five(3), pp. 524?28 (2016)Attachment insecurity problematic Online usethis research have been gathered from college students inside the U.S., where parental roles and attachment patterns may differ from those in Asia.